Squirrels love fruit!

eastern gray squirrel IMG_1449©Maria de Bruyn res

As you may know, our furry, agile, smart little friends, the Eastern gray squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis), are fond of all kinds of vegetable matter. Acorns, nuts and seed are a favorite: they will chew through the screen of a backyard porch to get to bird seed (as my neighbors learned after leaving a bag of it there), chew through the plastic lids of food buckets in which I was keeping bird seed outside (the seed is now kept indoors) and spend lots of time contemplating how they can overcome baffles and other barriers designed to keep them off bird feeders.

At my house, they are somewhat lucky since I also put some seed under feeders for the ground-feeding birds such as dark-eyed juncos, white-throated sparrows, mourning doves, Eastern towhees and sometimes Northern cardinals and blue jays. The squirrels will amiably scurry about beside the birds to consume some sunflower seeds or millet. I also give the squirrels a treat now and then by putting out fruit bought from the reduced-produce rack at the supermarket, where I can buy veggies that the supermarket would otherwise throw away.

IMG_8399©Maria de BruynEastern gray squirrel IMG_5039©Maria de Bruyn

Apples are a common treat and the squirrels often eat those on the spot, although they may feel a need to carry away their meal to enjoy it at some distance from their family members. Blueberries and plums are nice, too.

Eastern gray squirrel IMG_7166©Maria de BruynEastern gray squirrel IMG_3723©Maria de Bruyn 2013 (2)

The squirrels’ tastes in fruit have surprised me on occasion though. After learning that banana peels mushed up at the base of azaleas will help their growth and blooming, I took to putting overripe bananas by those plants. Sometimes, when checking the next day, I would find the peels someplace else in the yard and then realized that squirrels enjoy a tasty banana now and then. When I put out oranges in an attempt to attract orioles, the citrus didn’t last long once the resident tree rodents discovered them.

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Squirrels will hoard food for later consumption, hiding the fruits of their labor in numerous spots around their territory. According to Wikipedia, each squirrel will make several thousand such caches every season! If they think they are being watched, they will also pretend to bury food in a cache, while actually hiding the morsel in their mouth to bury it someplace else later. Clever indeed!

Eastern gray squirrel IMG_8965©Maria de BruynI must admit, though, that I had not expected to see a squirrel assiduously burying grapes one day. Researchers have found that that they will eat the most perishable acorns right away, while caching those that will stay preserved the best. So what made this squirrel think that the grapes she was burying would last underground? Unless this was one sneaky squirrel who was just temporarily hiding her/his bounty until s/he could enjoy those grapes in relative solitude.

I’m looking forward to spring when I can sit outside to watch the squirrels ‘ behavior some more; the yard can be a real learning lab!

For more information see: http://articles.courant.com/2004-10-21/features/0410210319_1_squirrels-bury-acorn

Do deer like treats? Of course, they do!

deer bird seed IMG_3127© Maria de BruynAnyone who has lived in proximity to white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) know that they have a great appetite for all types of vegetation, including garden flowers that people plant in their yards. This has been a cause of strife between humans and the deer (at least, from the humans’ point of view), even though I and other people have found that deer repellants – both home-made and store-bought – work really well to keep deer from eating plants we wish to keep.

I also have a 5-foot fence around my vegetable garden. In theory, the deer could jump this but the trick is to make the garden long and narrow since the deer calculate how much space they have to land on the other side of the fence. If it looks like the space is too small, they won’t try to jump eveIMG_5431© Maria de Bruynn if they see and smell delicious veggies inside – I know this is true as I’ve watched them figuratively “lick their lips” outside my garden but never attempt to get into it.

The deer’s four-chambered stomach enables it to eat a variety of food. In spring and summer, they prefer green plants, including grasses; in the autumn, they go for corn, acorns and other nuts. In the winter-time, deer eat twigs and buds of trees. They also eat fruit, such as the berries on privet trees, lichens and other fungi.

Stip at apple treeStip and privet IMG_1648© Maria de Bruyn

To get to the privet berries, they need to reach the tree branches and their good sense of balance comes in handy. The does do it often in my back yard and the fawns watch them carefully so they can try it, too. Surprisingly, the fawns can stand on their hind legs pretty well when they are only a few months old.

Nezhoni and apple tree 3©Maria de BruynBuck and privet IMG_5243© Maria de Bruyn

Besides privet berries, they like grape leaves (which can be high when the grapevines climb up the privet) and apples. The big bucks will also have a go at it but I don’t see them lifting their bulky bodies up often.

The deer also enjoy treats, just as we may like sweets and birds have a fondness for suet. Bird seed is one treat they like. If the deer are very hungry, they can lick up all the bird seed put out for the ground feeders, but when they are feeling well fed, they will just have a little and leave seed for the birds (and squirrels). The deer’s fondness for bird seed can be strong; if you don’t hang your feeders high enough, they can clean out a feeder in a short time.

emptying bird feeder at night©Maria de Bruynwhite-tailed deer MdB 3 buck

My biggest surprise concerning a deer treat came from Schatje, my “dear deer” friend of five years. One summer, I noted that the hummingbird feeder was emptying quickly and I just thought the hummers were very thirsty. Then one day, I looked outside to see Schatje enjoying a sweet drink. It turned out she was extremely fond of nectar and eventually I had to hang the feeder higher so she wouldn’t drink all the contents a couple times a day!

white-tailed  deer Schatje 1 ©Maria de Bruyn signedSchatje nectar IMG_1727©Maria de Bruyn

This winter has been especially cold and the local deer family have had to rely on their winter diet of fungi, leaves and twigs a lot. Though they likely are not anticipating spring, I’m sure they will be glad when it gets here, just like me!

Next week: squirrel treats

Belted kingfishers and me

Belted kingfisher IMG_9360f© Maria de Bruyn

Since my “career” as a birder is still rather short, especially in comparison to some birders I know, I still quite regularly see “lifers”. These are first-time spottings of birds in the wild when you can identify them reliably. While I enjoy seeing the more common birds in my area time and again, it is the lifers that often evoke a happy grin when I get a good photo. More often than not, though, my first photos of a lifer are a bit blurry, partial as the bird is hidden in foliage or otherwise imperfect. It is only with repeated sightings that the photos seem to improve – though that also isn’t always the case.

An example of this is my “relationship” with the belted kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon).  Although worldwide there are more than 90 species of kingfishers, the United States and Canada only have three and it is the belted variety that is most often seen. “Belted” refers to the band of bluish-gray color across the white underparts of the bird’s body; both males and females have this. Females also have a reddish color band, making them even more attractive than the males, which is not so usual among our avian friends.

The first time I saw a belted kingfisher was in October 2012; it was Belted kingfisher IMG_9690Dacross Jordan Lake, about a 30-minute drive from my home, in a tree. Only when it flew by once at high speed was I able to get a half-way decent shot of what I think was a female.

My next sightings were in a mangrove swamp in Mexico in December 2013. One day, I saw a female fly by over the mangrove trees in the distance.

Belted kingfisher IMG_9364F© Maria de BruynTwo days later, at the same place, I saw male. What was exciting about that spotting was that the bird began fishing right in front of me. He would circle the swamp, hover a couple seconds and then fold his wings to drop like a bullet into the water, completely submerging. The action was fast and my photos were blurred again, but I was able to document that he had caught a meal.

Belted kingfisher IMG_1853© Maria de BruynBelted kingfisher IMG_1855© Maria de BruynBelted kingfisher IMG_1860© Maria de Bruyn

Belted kingfisher IMG_1864© Maria de BruynBelted kingfisher IMG_5279©Maria de BruynresMy fourth sighting was in the late afternoon this past week, January 2014. As I was walking in a forested area near a creek, I saw a flash of a blue head and white on the wings and at first thought that a blue jay had streaked by me. But then the odd, kind of loud warbling call caught my attention – it was definitely not a jay. The bird perched on a tree limb about 100 feet or more ahead of me and I suspected that it might be a kingfisher but doubted it, too, as I thought they needed to be around more open bodies of water. This is not the case – they just need to be around water that doesn’t freeze over so they always have access to their fishy diets, as well as amphibians, small crustaceans, insects, small mammals and reptiles. They nest in burrows dug horizontally into the banks of waterways and both parents cooperate in feeding and raising the young.

Belted kingfisher IMG_5442©Maria de BruynresBelted kingfisher IMG_5388©Maria de Bruynres

I began taking photos from far away as I neared the kingfisher; when I would get within about 30 feet, he would take off again. This scenario repeated itself over and over again as I tried to get some shots of the bird not hidden by branches, twigs and dried foliage. I finally did get some photos, again not of the best quality as it was getting towards dusk and the bird was still pretty far away.

Belted kingfisher IMG_5420©Maria de BruynresBoth sexes have a dark head with crested feathers and quite large bills; this juvenile – male, I believe – showed his crest over and over as he called and bobbed up and down on his various perches. I think it is the crest that helped give him a – what struck me as – crabby look. He was very impressive though.

Belted kingfisher IMG_5442©Maria de Bruynres

When I next see a belted kingfisher, it won’t be a “lifer” sighting but my goal now is to get a good close-up shot; time will tell if I succeed!

Next blog: deer and their efforts to get food

Big Blue – my avian nemesis!

Over the past few years, I’ve become an avid birder, at least from the standpoint of photographing the different species I see and trying to get interesting shots of their behavior. And while I’ve grown to love the beauty in each type of bird, there is one particular individual that I would rather not see in my yard.

Great blue heron IMG_7612©Maria de Bruynres

What has caused this aversion, you might ask? It’s related to my pond and fondness for the fish that have populated it. At one time, I had a lovely group of goldfish, butterfly koi, shubunkins, comets and one medium-sized koi, whom I named Big Guy (or Girl, depending on my perception that day). The first predator to get some of them was a turtle, who I admired near the pond one day, not realizing that it would go into the pond and then not be able to get out.

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Turtle unfortunately accounted for the disappearance of a few smaller fish, until I finally figured out that I needed to put in a larger log for it to climb out on. (This turtle would NOT let me catch it.)

But then my real nemesis appeared – Big Blue (a name given by my neighbor, Kevin), a great blue heron (Ardea Herodias). I had seen Big Blue at a large neighborhood pond and admired the grace of this large bird.

Great blue heron IMG_7482© Maria de BruynresGreat blue heron IMG_7465© Maria de Bruynres

Big Blue at the neighborhood pond

However, the first time Big Blue visited my yard – to my knowledge – I caught sight of him (or her) standing in my small pond with one of my biggest goldfish hanging from his beak. I ran out into the yard, uselessly yelling for him to drop the fish. He stared at me and didn’t move until I was about three feet away – impressing me with his large size. (He was only about 6 inches shorter than me!) Then he lifted off with his prize meal.

Great blue herons, the largest North American heron species, have a varied diet that includes small fish, as well as shrimp, crabs, rodents, other small mammals, frogs, salamanders, lizards, snakes, crayfish, dragonflies, grasshoppers, aquatic insects and even small birds. Their main hunting technique is to wade slowly in shallow water, sometimes diving headfirst into the water to quickly spear their prey with their sharp long bills.

Great blue heron IMG_9216© Maria de BruynGreat blue heron IMG_9158©Maria de Bruynres

Covering my pond with netting was not an option. I had used netting to protect some plants and then had to rescue a small bird and an anole that had gotten tangled up. The owner of the store where I bought my fish (sadly closed now after many decades of running their family business) recommended I buy a life-like statue of a heron to position by the pond. He had done this at his own pond and said it kept the herons away as they are solitary hunters and don’t want others in their territory. He said Big Blue would see the statue and fly on. So I installed the statue, changing its position from time to time.

This seemed to work for many months but the past weeks I was very busy and didn’t change the stationary bird’s place. Then I noticed that my family of three bullfrogs were gone and Big Guy had gone missing (all the fish would come to the surface when I gave them pellet meals and Big Guy was gone. A gorgeous red, black and white goldfish with wavy fins was also gone. Inexplicably, the statue was also facing a different direction!

Fishy IMG_8951© Maria de Bruynres

Goldfish IMG_8917© Maria de Bruynres

Apparently, Big Blue must have had a tussle with the imposter and discovered he was not real, leaving him free to take up fishing in my pond again. I realized this about 2 weeks ago, when I saw Big Blue at the pond’s edge. I ran out to chase him off and he flew up to a neighbor’s tree. Now the pond is partly covered with some metal fencing laid over one end; it has tiny holes so no animals can get caught in it. The fish can hide under that and the smaller birds can still perch on sticks to get a drink. As it’s getting colder, the fish are also going into hibernation so – hopefully – they will make it through the winter!

Heron statue IMG_2917©Maria de Bruynres

I have never seen Big Blue with a mate at the large neighborhood pond and sincerely hope that he will remain a bachelor. I admire his beauty but don’t want a family of herons using my pond as a restaurant!

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Next blog: Caterpillars with fuzzy hair-dos

Acrobatic squirrels

The Eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) is a well-known – and sometimes quite annoying! – visitor to our yards in North Carolina. One way in which they earn themselves a reputation as a pest is when they get into attics, where they could end up chewing on wires. This happened to me, so I had to have a pest control agent come to trap them humanely (rather than poison them). Unfortunately, I found out later that when they are released outside their home territory, it’s tough going for them as other squirrels see them as invaders. I hope they made it.

Squirrel IMG_0820©Maria de Bruynres2 Eastern gray squirrel IMG_2144©Maria de Bruynres2

The second way in which they can be a nuisance is when they go to extreme lengths to get at the food in bird feeders. My yard squirrels and I have had an ongoing game of wits over the years, with them doing all they can to get to the feeders and me taking new measures to prevent them from doing so.

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The gray squirrels mainly eat plants and seeds, including acorns and pine cones, but they also like a variety of other foods, including fruit, seeds and suet. Fortunately, I haven’t had the same experience as my neighbors, who had squirrels chew through the screen on their back porch to get to a bag of seed left there. These agile little mammals have posed a challenge to me, however, in situating my feeders in places that they can’t get to them.

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If the feeder is within a few feet of something they can use as a launching pad (a bush, pole, etc.), they will manage to jump the distance in their ever-present quest for food. Various attempts to prevent this, by moving feeder poles and using combinations of squirrel and raccoon baffles have – sometimes! – proved useful.

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However, if the baffles are too low or near a tree, they jump over the baffle to land on top so they can enjoy a meal at their leisure (or until I see them and chase them away).

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I must admit, though, that they are a source of entertainment, too; watching their antics and persistence in thinking about how to overcome the barriers can be very amusing. And it’s not like I don’t give them a treat now and then!

Next blog: how ticks get around